Water Solutions You Can Trust

To collect and transport wastewater to a treatment facility or disposal point.

Groundwater entering sewers through cracks, joints, or defects.

Surface water entering sewers through direct connections such as roof drains or manhole covers.

Infiltration and inflow — unwanted water that enters the sewer system.

About 0.4% (varies by design standards).

To provide access for inspection, maintenance, and ventilation of sewers.

Typically 100–150 m (300–500 ft).

To handle significant elevation changes in sewers by dropping flow to a lower level.

A pressurized pipe carrying wastewater from a pump station to a gravity sewer.

The basin where wastewater collects before being pumped at a lift station.

At least 2 ft/s to prevent solids deposition.

Solids settling, blockages, and odors from septic conditions.

Hydrogen sulfide, a toxic and corrosive gas produced in sewers.

19.5% to 23.5% oxygen.

To remove large debris from wastewater before pumping or treatment.

To remove sand, gravel, and other heavy particles from wastewater.

To identify cracks, blockages, and structural defects.

Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus.

50–100 years, depending on conditions and corrosion.

To calculate flow in open channels and gravity sewers.

A system that carries both wastewater and stormwater.

A system designed to carry only domestic, commercial, and industrial wastewater.

A system that carries only rainwater and runoff.

Capacity, Management, Operation, and Maintenance.

To identify sources of inflow or cross-connections in sewers.

To trace flow paths and detect cross-connections.

Lift stations handle smaller, localized flows; pump stations handle larger flows and pressures.

A tank that reduces water hammer and pressure surges.

Lightweight, corrosion-resistant, and easy to install.

Brittle and prone to cracking and root intrusion.

Blockages from grease, roots, or debris.

To prevent blockages and damage from tree root intrusion.

To clean sewers, remove debris, and handle spills.

Normal wastewater flow not influenced by rain events.

The maximum flow in the system during a given time period.

A large sewer that collects flows from smaller branches and conveys them to treatment.

A pipe crossing below obstacles using pressure flow to carry wastewater.

Toxic to workers and corrosive to concrete and metal.

Sulfuric acid corrosion from H₂S gas.

To release trapped air pockets that can reduce flow efficiency.

To balance variations in wastewater flow before treatment.

To allow flow when pumps are offline or during emergencies.

Wet well stores wastewater, dry well houses pumps and equipment.

To remove or neutralize H₂S and other odors.

Atmospheric testing, permit, attendant, retrieval system, and PPE.

When wastewater level rises above the crown of the pipe, creating pressurized flow.

A temporary pump used to maintain flow during repairs or maintenance.

To protect pumps and downstream equipment from abrasion.

At least 2 ft/s to prevent solids settling.

Protect public health and safety, stop the overflow, then report and document the event.